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同聲傳譯的方法有什么?

日期：2020-10-26 發(fā)布人：來(lái)源：閱讀量：

　　同聲傳譯是一項(xiàng)要求非常高的翻譯工作，在會(huì)議、演講等場(chǎng)合有廣泛的應(yīng)用，今天尚語(yǔ)翻譯公司帶大家了解同聲傳譯的方法有什么?

　　Simultaneous interpretation is a very demanding translation work, which is widely used in conferences, speeches and other occasions. What are the methods of simultaneous interpretation introduced by Shangyu translation company today?

　　一：順句驅(qū)動(dòng)

　　1： Sequential drive

　　順句驅(qū)動(dòng)，顧名思義就是在同傳過(guò)程中，譯員按聽到的原句的句子順序，把整個(gè)句子切成意群?jiǎn)挝换蛐畔挝唬偈褂眠B接詞把這些單位自然連接起來(lái)，譯出整體的意思。

　　As the name suggests, the interpreter can cut the whole sentence into a group or unit of information in the simultaneous interpreting process, and then use the conjunction to connect the units naturally and translate the whole meaning.

　　在同聲傳譯中，譯員不像交替?zhèn)髯g中可以通過(guò)記憶或筆記的幫助展現(xiàn)一個(gè)完整的句子，更不像筆譯中有充分的時(shí)間布局謀篇。同傳譯員在一聽到發(fā)言人講話開始就不得不張開嘴翻譯，并且是在翻譯的同時(shí)還要記憶理解說(shuō)話人的講話，因此如果不馬上把聽到的內(nèi)容用目的語(yǔ)表達(dá)出來(lái)，就會(huì)給譯員的記憶帶來(lái)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)和壓力。因此順譯這種方法便非常值得提倡。但由于漢英兩種語(yǔ)言的截然不同，采取順句驅(qū)動(dòng)的方法時(shí)，如果譯員只強(qiáng)調(diào)詞語(yǔ)的對(duì)應(yīng)，則聽眾會(huì)覺(jué)得譯文生澀難懂，不易理解，適當(dāng)?shù)奶钤~，減詞，斷句，詞性轉(zhuǎn)換等筆譯中經(jīng)常用到的方法也需要適當(dāng)應(yīng)用。

　　In simultaneous interpretation, it is not like that in consecutive interpreting, the interpreter can present a complete sentence with the help of memory or notes, nor is there sufficient time arrangement in translation. A simultaneous interpreting interpreter will have to open his mouth when he hears a speaker's speech. He also needs to memorize and understand the speaker's speech while translating. Therefore, if he does not immediately express his content in the target language, it will bring enormous challenges and pressure to the memory of the interpreter. Therefore, this method is worth promoting. However, due to the difference between Chinese and English, if the translator only emphasizes the correspondence of words, the audience will feel that the translation is difficult to understand and difficult to understand. Appropriate methods such as filling in words, reducing words, breaking sentences and changing parts of speech need to be applied properly.

　　二：補(bǔ)充法

　　2： Supplementary method

　　補(bǔ)充法就是譯員在同傳過(guò)程中通過(guò)增加一些輔助語(yǔ)詞使得句子更通順便于理解，比如中古的俗語(yǔ)有些只有三五個(gè)字，但是你無(wú)法只用三五個(gè)英文單詞表達(dá)清楚。中文重意合，英語(yǔ)重形合。由于語(yǔ)言之間的差別和說(shuō)話的方式方法不同，同聲傳譯員在翻譯的時(shí)侯，需要補(bǔ)充一些信息。

　　The supplement is that the interpreter can make the sentence more fluent and easy to understand in the process of simultaneous interpreting, such as the medieval saying, there are only 35 words, but you can not express it clearly in 35 English words. Chinese emphasizes parataxis while English emphasizes hypotaxis. Due to the differences between languages and different ways of speaking, simultaneous interpreters need to supplement some information when translating.

　　三：重復(fù)法

　　3： Repetition method

　　由于英語(yǔ)句子的連接方式是通過(guò)連接詞，句子往往比較長(zhǎng)，更具包含性，邏輯嚴(yán)密，句子一層套一層。如果在同聲傳譯中，完全按照英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句的順序翻譯，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)一句定語(yǔ)特別長(zhǎng)或狀語(yǔ)特別長(zhǎng)的中文句子，這些句子在漢語(yǔ)中行不通。因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)重意合，沒(méi)有那么多的連接詞，同時(shí)漢語(yǔ)短句較多，簡(jiǎn)潔富有彈性，比英語(yǔ)耐重復(fù)，這一特定彌補(bǔ)了短句在溝通和交流中的不足。因此重復(fù)法也是同聲傳譯經(jīng)常能夠用到的一種技巧。

　　Because English sentences are connected by connectives, the sentences are often longer, more inclusive and logical, and the sentences cover one layer at a time. In simultaneous interpretation, if the translation is completely in accordance with the sequence of long English sentences, there will be a Chinese sentence with a very long attribute or an adverbial, which will not work in Chinese. Because Chinese attaches importance to parataxis, there are not so many connectives. At the same time, there are more short sentences in Chinese, which are concise and flexible, and more resistant to repetition than English. This specific feature makes up for the lack of short sentences in communication and communication. Therefore, repetition is also a common skill in simultaneous interpretation.

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